Shear layer Interval arithmetic 3D FDTD Heat transfer enhancement Synchronous Reluctance Finite elements Sub-differential Thermic process Minor loops Aerodynamics PDE-constrained optimization Optimisation Piezoelectric actuators Piézoélectricité 1D multi-physics model Optimal design Paschen Inverse problem Optimization Actionneurs Design Topology optimization Optimal control Iron losses Modèles analytiques Axial flux machines Post-buckled beams Branch&Bound Additive manufacturing Modélisation Rosen type transformer Magnetic Flux Leakage Shape memory alloys Play model Hysteresis Conception Piezoelectric energy harvester Modeling Shooting method Shape-memory Alloys Magnetic field Analytical model Electromechanical impedance Electric motor 3D FDTD HYBRIDIZATION Branch and Bound Algorithm Boundary integral equations Lorentz force law Control Time-resolved PIV Nonlinear modeling Partial discharges PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Numerical simulation Eddy currents Electrical machines Numerical model GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Actuators Sensitivity Analysis Steel sheet Hysterons Relaxation method 3-D Analytical Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Energy harvesting Optimization algorithms Smart materials Exact global optimization Maxwell equations Turbulence Torque Electromechanical actuator Electric Motors Modèles numériques Torque Motor Global optimization Analytical modeling SIMP method Deterministic global optimization Accouplement magnétique FDTD Morphing Décharges partielles Electromagnetism Magnetic scalar potential Adjoint Method Piezoelectric transformer HYBRIDIZATION Bistability 3D Analytical Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Topology Optimization Ironless Moteur électrique Piezoelectricity Dynamic lumped model Inverse Problem Permanent Magnet PIV Magnetic coupling Force sensor