This paper deals with the introduction of RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) technologies on board of helicopters. These technologies can help to support the traceability of aircraft parts during their entire lifecycle. RFID technologies are widely used within logistics processes. Today, the challenge is to use them to follow the maintenance of parts on helicopters. The chip of RFID tags will store the part identification and the associated usage data. On-board technologies are expensive to embed because of hardening requirements. The development of the information system will also generate a significant cost. To counterbalance the costs, the added value of such technologies within the aeronautical context and the potential improvements for both the aircraft manufacturer and the final operator have to be analyzed. This paper emphasizes the advantages of RFID technologies and quantifies the expected benefits of their integration.